Article by Dr Raghuram Y.S. MD (Ay) & Dr Manasa S, B.A.M.S
We have now to contemplate many elements in treating illnesses. Many Acharyas have given totally different units of things to be thought-about in treating illnesses, in numerous chapters, in response to the context and as and when applicable.
Amongst such elements, Acharya Vagbhata has talked about three fundamental elements to be thought-about in treating the illnesses successfully. They’re –
1. Samutthana Vishesha / Hetu Vishesha
2. Adhistana Antarani and
3. Vikara Prakriti
Reference – Ashtanga Hridaya Sutra Sthana, Chapter 12, verse 65-66 (A.Hr.Su.12/65, 66)
On this article, we are going to attempt to know extra about these elements.
Three necessary elements to be thought-about to successfully deal with illnesses
स एव कुपितो दोषः समुत्थानविशेषतः।
स्थानान्तराणि च प्राप्य विकारान् कुरुते बहून्॥६५॥
तस्माद्विकारप्रकृतीरधिष्ठानान्तराणि च।
बुद्ध्वा हेतुविशेषश्च शीघ्रं कुर्यादुपक्रमम्॥६६॥
First, allow us to attempt to perceive why so many illnesses are manifested. Why do we have now so many subtypes of every illness? The solutions to those questions can even give a readability in regards to the understanding of the above talked about three elements.
1. Samuttana / Karana / Hetu Vishesha –
Initially, all illnesses are manifested after we get uncovered to Nidanas i.e. causative or etiological elements of a illness. Every illness has a giant listing of etiological elements which might trigger the illness. These etiological elements would trigger disturbance of doshas within the physique and thus the illness course of or pathogenesis begins.
So, which etiological issue will affect and irritate which dosha or doshas and to what proportions can’t be stated. This arithmetic varies from individual to individual. So, the character of etiological elements can’t be understood nor the way in which they behave after they are available in contact with the physique. In the identical individual, the identical etiological issue might disturb totally different dosha at totally different instances and trigger totally different set of signs or illnesses.
This offers us a readability relating to the multiplicity of illnesses brought about as a consequence of particular natures of causative elements and the way they affect the doshas and dhatus within the physique.
So, a doctor ought to have a exact information of Hetu Visheshata to deal with a illness correctly.
2. Sthana / Adhistana Antarani –
The lodgment of aggravated dosha or doshas within the tissues and inflicting tissue injury is the subsequent step within the pathogenesis of any illness.
As stated above, the causative elements, as a consequence of their particular nature, would affect a dosha or doshas in some ways. These doshas journey within the physique (as within the prasara stage of kriyakala). They might discover a weak and inclined place to lodge themselves, within the type of tissues and organs. Wherever they discover a weak tissue or organ (which can be made up of tissues) or deformity of channels of transportation (kha vaigunya), the doshas get lodged or blocked therein respectively. That is referred to as as sthana samshraya or dosha dushya sammurchana – amalgamation of vitiated dosha and weak dhatu or lodgment of highly effective and aggravated dosha in weak and inclined tissue. That is the fourth stage of kriya kala (cycle of pathogenesis) and is a vital stage for the illness to type.
So, this sthana i.e. seat (tissue, organ) whereby the doshas would flow into and get lodged are once more of various sorts. These illnesses would produce the illness relying on the character of sthana, which is many. So, a specific dosha in circulation could cause a extreme migraine getting lodged within the head or arthritis getting lodged within the joints relying on the place they discover the lodgment. So, the manifestation of the illness can be primarily based on the character of the sthana. So, it is necessary for a doctor to know the Sthana Antarani to deal with a illness successfully.
3. Vikara Prakriti –
The third and an important issue to be thought-about is the principle dosha inflicting the illness and its nature of aggravation, by which nidanas it has undergone aggravation and during which sthana it’s lodged. This additionally includes understanding particular qualities of doshas which have undergone improve. That is referred to as Vikalpa Samprapti i.e. fractional understanding of dosha concerned within the pathogenesis of a illness.
So, a doctor ought to have a radical information of the vikara prakriti i.e. nature of dosha and the illness brought on by it.
To sum up,
The aggravated doshas, relying on the character of their causative elements, on reaching totally different components of the physique (and discovering lodgment therein), will produce many sorts of illnesses.
Due to this fact, a doctor ought to know all these three elements and the connection between them.
The remedy of the illness brought about in such a approach, by many sorts of causative elements and involving many seats of lodgment of doshas, needs to be executed in fast time after correctly understanding vikara prakriti, adhistana antarani and hetu vishesha.